How to Plant and Care for Ground Cherries

How to Grow and Care for Ground Cherries

Plant Characteristics

Ground cherry plants resemble small, sprawling shrubs with bright green, toothed leaves. They produce yellow flowers in the summer and fruit from late summer to early fall.

• Common Names: Ground cherry, husk tomato, strawberry tomato
• Botanical Name: Physalis pruinosa
• Family: Solanaceae
• Plant Type: Annual, fruit, shrub
• Mature Size: 1–3 ft. tall and wide
• Sun Exposure: Full sun
• Soil Type: Loamy, sandy, well-drained
• Soil pH: Acidic
• Bloom Time: Summer
• Hardiness Zones: 4–8 (USDA)
• Native Area: Central America
• Toxicity: Toxic to people and pets

Planting Ground Cherries

When to Plant: For optimal growth, start ground cherry seeds indoors 6-8 weeks prior to the last expected frost date in your region. Alternatively, sow seeds directly into prepared outdoor beds after all danger of frost has passed.

Site Selection: Select a sunny location that receives full sunlight for at least 6-8 hours daily. Ensure the soil is well-drained to prevent waterlogging, as ground cherries prefer soil that retains moisture without becoming waterlogged. Avoid planting in areas shaded by taller trees or structures, as this can hinder plant growth and fruit production.

Spacing and Depth: Plant ground cherry seeds about 1/4 inch deep in the soil. Space individual plants at least 2 feet apart to allow ample room for growth and airflow. This spacing helps prevent overcrowding, which can lead to increased susceptibility to diseases and pests. Consider using tomato cages, stakes, or other support structures to keep the plants upright as they mature and produce fruit. These supports also help protect the plants from bending or breaking under the weight of the developing fruit, ensuring a healthier crop.

Ground Cherry Care

Light: Ground cherries thrive in full sun, meaning they should receive at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily. While they can tolerate partial shade, expect reduced fruit production in shaded areas.

Soil: These plants prefer well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. A slightly acidic soil pH is ideal for optimal growth and fruit development.

Water: Ground cherries require approximately one inch of water per week. During hot weather, it’s crucial to ensure the soil remains consistently moist but not waterlogged. Regular watering is essential to prevent the plants from dropping flowers or fruit due to dry conditions.

Temperature and Humidity: Ground cherries thrive in temperatures ranging from 55°F to 85°F. They are tolerant of heat but susceptible to frost, so protect them during colder months or unexpected frosts with row covers or similar protective measures. Humidity typically does not pose a significant issue for these plants.

Fertilizer: Amend the soil with compost before planting to enrich its nutrient content. If your soil is poor or lacks organic matter, consider using an organic fertilizer designed for fruits and vegetables. Apply fertilizer according to package instructions to promote healthy growth and fruit production.

Pollination: Ground cherries are self-pollinating but benefit from pollinators such as bees. Ensure a healthy garden environment to attract pollinators, which will enhance fruit set and overall yield.

When to Harvest Ground Cherries​​​​​​​

Harvest when the husk dries and turns tan, dropping to the ground. Each plant yields about a pint of fruit per season. Store in the refrigerator for up to two weeks or freeze for several months.

Growing Ground Cherries in Pots

Use a container at least 8 inches deep with drainage holes. An unglazed clay pot is ideal for moisture control.

Propagation

From Seeds: Plant seeds 1/4 inch deep in seed-starting mix. Keep in a warm, moist environment (75-85°F) until they sprout in about two weeks.

From Cuttings: Take a 4-6 inch cutting, remove lower leaves, dip in rooting hormone, and plant in a pot with soilless mix. Keep moist and in bright, indirect light until roots form.

Common Pests and Diseases

Ground cherries are generally hardy but can be affected by whiteflies, flea beetles, hornworms, and cutworms. Ensure good air circulation to prevent fungal issues.